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| c. 185 BC |
| | | Plautus and Terence, in the second and third century BC, create a Roman drama based on Greek originals | |
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| c. 160 BC |
| | | The Roman statesman Cato the Elder writes Origines ('Origins'), a history of Rome which survives only in fragments | |
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| -81 BC |
| | | Cicero, whose speeches become models of oratory, makes his first appearance in a Roman court | |
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| 37 BC |
| | | Virgil's reputation is established by his ten Eclogues, influenced by the Italian countryside in the region of his birth near Mantua | |
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| c. 34 BC |
| | | Maecenas buys a farm for Horace, in the Sabine hills near Tivoli - the most fruitful of his many acts of patronage | |
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| 27 BC |
| | | Livy begins writing and publishing his History of Rome, a task which will occupy him for forty years | |
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| 23 BC |
| | | The first three books of Horace's Odes are published, written on his Sabine farm | |
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| c. 20 BC |
| | | The excellence of the arts, particularly literature, during the reign of Augustus Caesar causes it to be remembered as a golden age of culture | |
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| c. 20 BC |
| | | A collection of witty love poems, entitled Amores, brings Ovid an early success | |
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| 19 BC |
| | | Virgil dies just after completing the Aeneid, and imperial command from Augustus Caesar prevents his executor from destroying the epic | |
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